Due to the enormous amount of digital data clinical radiology is highly suitable for the successful operation of artificial intelligence (AI). AI is a rather diffuse term, which describes the ability of a computer to act intelligently and to solve problems independently. If we talk about AI, most often the more specific term “machine learning” is meant, which is the most important branch of AI. According to the FDA (Federal Drug Administration), the vast majority of AI-based technologies in medicine is computed in radiology. Main reasons for this are seen in an increasing need of medical specialists, an aging of society and increasing importance of screening examinations. As per the EU 35% of medical tasks could be automated. AI, therefore, constitutes a great opportunity to challenge the increasing shortage of qualified personal in medicine. On the basis of practical applications the following article shows where and how AI is used in radiology and examines to what extend radiologists may be replaced by AI.